Prevention & Early Detection for Lung Cancer

PREVENTION AND EARLY DETECTION FOR LUNG CANCER

Lung cancer represents one of the root cause death effect of ferocity disease at woman and men. Annual frequency and mortality increasing at 25 the last year. Estimated by 177.000 new cases of lung cancer in United States and 149.000 patient die in the 1993.

In fact, Lung cancer lung is often met at] stadium which continue and with effect of ugly prognosis. They have been screening and early detection but its result still controversial. Till now there is no especial organization, which recommend censorship to lung cancer because, still not yet earned to degrade lung cancer morbidity and mortality. A successful strategy of censorship of lung cancer is can detect disease at curative therapy moment pre clinic stadium can be given and also there are no metastases. Best result in assessment of censorship of lung cancer is degradation of mortality number.^2,3

Some researcher and in various country group prevention of lung cancer become secondary and primary.

PRIMARY PREVENTION

Primary prevention of lung cancer especially is to stop a habit to smoke, which have taken place and prevent nonsmoker become smoker. Preventive or reduction smoke to earn also gone through to applying of regulations about cigarette. Other Preventive is to avoid exposure from other materials, which have the character of carcinogenic. Expected effect from primary prevention is to lessen cancer

SECONDARY PREVENTION

Secondary Preventive strategy addressed [at] interrupting cancerous journey naturally before rounding into disease which symptomatic. Included in secondary prevention are detecting early, chemo prevention and micro nutrition

Lung cancer early practically is lung cancer of the size 1-2 cm, still including I stadium and at the case of surgery admit of to be executed. The result of which is expected from prevention of secondary are degradation of lung cancer prevalence.

SOME METHODE FOR EARLY DETECTION OF LUNG CANCER

The examination for cytology sputum represents the single noninvasive method able to detect pre-malignant lesion or in-situ carcinoma. Early invention of lung cancer enabled to through examination of sputum cytology every four months. Different from early detection for cervix cancer which easier relative found with inspection of direct inspection and cytology. Early detection of Lung cancer is difficultly found. Limitation examination of sputum cytology cannot determine location from cancer, in generally result of which are positive a more regular got by lesion laid at more central.

Chest x-ray

Examination with chest x-ray can show disparity of fairish lung 1 cm. If this examination is periodically recognizable every year tumor which emerge at one time and not yet been found previously. To determine ferocity at one particular fairish disparity 1Cm is difficult. When certainty of the cancer can be determined, generally lung cancer of the size 1-2 cm still including stage I and practically this cancer admit of to be referred by early lung cancer. Some limitation of Chest X-ray cannot determine type from tumor and relative difficult to detect tumor laid in central.

CT Scan

CT-scan only used at some developed countries, which generally use health insurance.

Third method of examination addressed specially to high risk faction group that is :

1. men have age [to] more than 40 year.
2. heavy smoker sucking 20 cigarette or more every day.
3. worker at conducive environment incidence of lung cancer (asbestos factory, paint, plastic and others)

PROBLEMS

From some research, between result of censorship without censorship got that lung cancer operabilitas with censorship method only 15% while without censorship 10%, so that some circle do not use the way of censorship as detecting early lung cancer

CONCLUSION

1. Prevention of Lung Cancer can be conducted by scondary and primary.
2. Diagnosis early lung cancer can be conducted by censorship with cytology sputum method each; every four months, annual chest a-ray and CT-SCAN thorax in certain nations.
3. There no difference having a meaning between patient conducting censorship of lung cancer and patient which do not conduct censorship of lung cancer seen from mortality number and morbidity

“Let’s prevent & against cancer”

Cancer Causes

The Causes and Risk Factors of Cancer

Most people don't realize that cancer is preventable in many cases. Learning what causes cancer and what the risk factors are is the first step in cancer prevention. Many cancer risk factors can be avoided, thus reducing the likelihood of developing cancer.

What are the Causes and Risk Factors for Cancer?

· Tobacco

According to the National Cancer Institute, smoking causes 30% of all cancer deaths in the U.S. and is responsible for 87% of cases of lung cancer. Not only does it affect the lungs, it can cause kidney, pancreatic, cervical, and stomach cancers and acute myeloid leukemia. Quitting smoking immediately decreases your risk factor for cancer.

· Physical Activity

Exercising at least 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week greatly reduces your cancer risk. Exercise like yoga, aerobics, walking and running are great activities to lower your cancer risk factor. Not only is physical activity important to preventing other diseases, it reduces the chances of becoming obese. Obesity is a major cause for many cancers. Exercising on a regular basis can prevent prostate, colon, breast, endometrial and lung cancer.

· Genetics

Genetics can play a big role in cancer development. If you have a family history of cancer, such as breast cancer, taking extra precautions is vital. When cancer is genetic, a mutated gene has been passed down. Genetic tests are available for many hereditary cancers. Keep in mind that if you have a family history of cancer, it does not mean you will develop it. You only have a greater chance of developing it.

· Environmental Factors

The environment you are in can cause cancer:

Exposure to asbestos, a group of minerals found in housing and industrial building materials can cause a variety of medical problems, such as mesothelioma.

Studies have shown that people who are exposed to high amount of benzene are at risk for cancer. Benzene is a chemical found in gasoline, smoking, and pollution.

· Unsafe Sex

Practicing unsafe sex can increase your risk of developing a virus called HPV. HPV is a group of over 100 viruses, medically known as human papillioma virus. HPV increases your risk factor for cervical, anal, vulvar and vaginal cancer. Further studies are being conducted in HPV's role in the development of other cancers.

There is a test available to see if you have contracted HPV. It involves scraping of cervical cells and then the sample is sent to a lab. The lab test can even identify the strain of the virus, also.

· Sun Exposure

Skin cancer is caused by exposure to the UV rays of the sun. A sunburn, or a tan is actually the result of cell damage caused by the sun. Skin cancer can be prevented in most cases. Wearing sunscreen when outdoors and staying out of the sun between the hours of 10 a.m. and 2 p.m., when the sun's rays are strongest is your best defense.

Overall General Symptoms Of Cancer

Cancer Symptoms You Need to Know

Knowing what symptoms can arise from cancer often helps to understand how the disease develops and creates such ailments. There are over one hundred different types of cancer. They are all unique with their own symptoms and characteristics. Each cancer affects the body in a different way.

Although cancers differ greatly, there are a few cancer symptoms that are commonly experienced by most cancer patients.

Symptoms of cancer include:

• Persistent Fatigue
  
  Fatigue is one of the most commonly experienced cancer symptom. It is usually more common when the cancer is advanced, but still occurs in the early stages.
• Unintentional Weightloss
  
  Losing 10 or more pounds without dieting or intending to lose weight can be one of the first symptoms experienced with cancer.
• Fever
  
  Most cancer patients experience a fever at some point. It may be due to the disease affecting their immune system, the cancer itself, or a response to treatment. Fever normally occurs as the cancer progresses.
• Changes To the Skin
  
  Skin changes such as jaundice, darkening of the skin, abnormal hair growth, reddening, and skin itchiness can indicate certain types of cancers.
• Pain
  
  Pain is normally present when the cancer has progressed. However, it can be indicative early on of some cancers, such as bone cancers.

"Let's prevent and against cancer"

Origins of Cancer

All cancers begin in cells, the body's basic unit of life. To understand cancer, it's helpful to know what happens when normal cells become cancer cells.

The body is made up of many types of cells. These cells grow and divide in a controlled way to produce more cells as they are needed to keep the body healthy. When cells become old or damaged, they die and are replaced with new cells.

But sometimes this orderly process goes wrong. The genetic material (DNA) of a cell can become damaged or changed, producing mutations that affect normal cell growth and division. When this happens, cells do not die when they should and new cells form when the body does not need them. The extra cells may form a mass of tissue called a tumor.

Not all tumors are cancerous; tumors can be benign or malignant.

• Benign tumors aren't cancerous. They can often be removed, and, in most cases, they do not come back. Cells in benign tumors do not spread to other parts of the body.
• Malignant tumors are cancerous. Cells in these tumors can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body. The spread of cancer from one part of the body to another is called metastasis.

Most cancers are named for the organ or type of cell in which they begin. For example, cancer that begins in the stomach is called stomach cancer.

Some cancers do not form tumors. For example, leukemia is a cancer of the bone marrow and blood.

"Let's prevent and against cancer"

What Exactly is Cancer?

f someone asked you to define cancer, could you do it? We all have heard the word "cancer" many times, however very few people understand the disease and how it develops. Knowing exactly what cancer is and how its develops is the first step in understanding the disease! In this article, we will explore what cancer is and how it develops!

Defining Cancer

Cancer is a term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade other tissues. Cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. Cancer is not just one disease but many diseases. There are more than 100 different types of cancer. The main categories of cancer include:

• Carcinoma - cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs.
• Sarcoma - cancer that begins in bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or other connective or supportive tissue.
• Leukemia - cancer that starts in blood-forming tissue such as the bone marrow and causes large numbers of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter the blood.
• Lymphoma and myeloma - cancers that begin in the cells of the immune system.
• Central nervous system cancers - cancers that begin in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord.

How Does Cancer Develop?

The organs in our body are made up of cells. Cells divide and multiply as the body needs them. When these cells continue multiplying when the body doesn't need them, the result is a mass or growth, also called a tumor.

These growths are consider either benign or malignant. Benign is considered non-cancerous and malignant is cancerous.

Benign tumors rarely are life threatening and do not spread to other parts of the body. They can often be removed.

How Does Cancer Spread to Other Parts of the Body?

The cells within malignant tumors have the ability to invade neighboring tissues and organs, thus spreading the disease. It is also possible for cancerous cells to break free from the tumor and enter the blood stream, and spreading the disease to other organs. This process of spreading is called metastasis.

When cancer has metastasized and has affected other areas of the body, the disease is still referred to the organ of origination. For instance, if cervical cancer spreads to the lungs, it is still called cervical cancer, not lung cancer.

Although most cancers develop this way, diseases like leukemia do not. They affect the blood and the organs that form blood and then invade nearby tissues.

All cancers are different, and require different treatment. What may be effective for prostate cancer, probably will not be for bladder cancer. Diagnosing cancer will vary as well, depending on the organ affected.

Fast Facts About Cancer

• One in three people will develop cancer.
• One in four people will die of cancer.
• In 2005, about 1.4 million new cases of cancer were diagnosed.
• More than 1500 Americans died each day of cancer this year.
• Over 1,000,000 cases of skin cancer will be diagnosed this year.
• Cancer is the leading cause of death among Americans under the age of 85.

"Let's prevent and against cancer"